Lemon Law - Car Warranty, the Background, Substance and Practical Implementation

Lemon Law BackgroundThe term "Lemon-Law" is astate by state Lemon Law Summaries at: passing the
nick name derived from other common terms such asMagnuson-Moss Warranty Act, Congress specified a
"Lemon-Car", "Monday-cars" and "Friday-Cars".Anumber of requirements that warrantors must meet.
lemon car is a defective car that, when purchasedCongress also directed the FTC to adopt rules to
new or used, is found by the purchaser to havecover other requirements.The FTC adopted three
numerous or severe defects not readily apparentRules under the Act, the Rule on Disclosure of Written
before the purchase. Any vehicle with these issuesConsumer Product Warranty Terms and Conditions
can be termed a "lemon car" and by extension, any(the Disclosure Rule), the Rule on Pre-Sale Availability
product which has major flaws that render it unfit forof Written Warranty Terms (the Pre-Sale Availability
itsRule), and the Rule on Informal Dispute Settlement
purpose can be described as a "lemon product".NewProcedures (the Dispute Resolution Rule).In addition, the
vehicles directly from the factory may contain hiddenFTC has issued an interpretive rule that clarifies certain
mechanical flaws or defects in workmanship, usuallyterms and explains some of the provisions of the Act.
caused by an error during the build process of the car.This section summarizes all the requirements under the
These errors can range from parts being installedAct and the Rules.The Act and the Rules establish
incorrectly, a tool that was used to build the car notthree basic requirements that may apply to a
being removed, a batch of materials with structural orwarrantor or a seller.A. As a warrantor, you must
chemical flaws or simply bad design.Usually, a car isdesignate, or title, your written warranty as either "full"
labeled a lemon if the same problem occurs 3 times inor "limited."B. As warrantor, you must state certain
a row over a short period, and previous attempts atspecified information about the coverage of your
repair have not repaired the problem. In most cases, ifwarranty in a single, clear and easy to read
you get a lemon, lemon laws will make the companydocument.C. As a warrantor or a seller, you must
buy back the car or exchange it.Many of you mightensure that warranties are available where your
remember that during the late eighties the averagewarranted consumer products are sold so that
American consumer almost lost faith completely withconsumers can read them before buying.The laws
the American made cars.The amount of lemon carsdefine what a lemon car is and require that the
along with the high rate of over the average visits tomanufacturer, not the dealer, takes care of the
the car garages as well as the high repairs and sparedefects. If a number of attempts have been made to
parts cost, caused many Americans to switch torepair a defect that significantly impairs the use, value
Japanese and even European cars.This was a periodor safety of a car and the car continues to have this
of time when Americans were reluctant to go to thedefect, the car is than considered to be a "lemon".Most
dealers garages and preferred to go to oil & lubestatutes set up a warranty rights period of either 12 to
services only.At that time Lee Iacocca the CEO of24 months or 12,000 to 24,000 miles. The defect(s)
Chrysler Corp identified immediately the problem ofmust occur sometime during this period.Many of the
mistrust of American consumers in American madestate laws contain specific guidelines as to what
cars, Chrysler launched a campaign on national TVconstitutes a sufficient number of attempts to repair,
promising to provide a bumper-to-bumper warrantyand whether these attempts entitle the consumer to a
coverage for 50,000 miles or five years, which everrefund or replacement. These are:a. If the defect is a
comes first! Then GM came with the answer ofserious safety defect involving brakes and or steering,
60,000 miles or 6 years,the manufacturer is granted one attempt to repair.b. If
which ever comes first! Chrysler returned with thethere is a safety defect that is not considered a
final stroke of 70,000 miles or 7 years which everserious safety defect, the manufacturer has two
comes first.Few months later I went to the Buick mainattempts to repair.c. For any other defect, the
dealer garage in long Island, I was seating in the waitingmanufacturer is usually given three or four chances to
room, next to me was a very nervous guy, I askedrepair the same defect.d. If at any time the vehicle is in
him why was he so upset with the garage, hethe shop for a cumulative total of 30 days in a one
explained to me that even though he had thisyear period, with at least one of those days occurring
bumper-to-bumper warranty It doesn't cover labor andthe first 12,000 miles.If any one of these of these
the damn car is more than a week in the garage andguidelines can be satisfied, the consumer is usually
they don't seems to be able to find what is thegiven the right to require repurchase or replacement of
problem with the car...The Magnuson-Moss Warrantyhis/her vehicle.Most lemon laws do allow an offset for
Act is Known as the "Lemon Law"Theuse of the vehicle by the consumer. Oftentimes, a
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act is a United Statesreduction in the consumer's purchase price return is
federal law codified at 15 USC 50. Enacted in 1975, it isused in relation to the number of miles he/she had put
the federal statute that governs warranties onon the car. One law spells out the reduction in refund
consumer products.The Act was sponsored byfor use as follows:(miles at time of refund X purchase
Senators Warren G. Magnuson of Washington andprice)/100,000Only about one half of the lemon laws
Frank Moss of Utah, both Democrats.allow the consumer to recover attorney's fees in his
State Lemon Laws have some differences likeher action. Those states that do allow attorney's fees
coverage of motorcycles and used vehicles, but thereprovide for a greater likelihood of success and
are some basic guidelines that they do share. (See 50representation in warranty disputes.